I Have a Store In the World of American Comics

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To control the current of the excitation, you can control the strength of the magnetic field, and control the voltage and current of the generation.

Since the rotor of the generator has a small amount of residual magnetism (residual magnetism, that is, the steel is magnetized by a small amount) even if no current flows through the coil, then as long as it is running, even a little electricity from the stator can slowly build up the voltage and then build up the current. To run, if it is a new unit or there is no residual magnetism at all, you can connect the external power supply for excitation, and then switch to self-excitation after the voltage is established.

So whether to choose a generator?

The hunter thought for a few seconds, then put the matter to the other side, and turned his attention to the remaining four.

What about solar cells?

The reason why hunters think of solar cells is because the hunters have a solar cell on their body. Before the departure, the owner accidentally heard that the miniaturization technology of solar cells was mature, so the hunters made one.

It is a pity that this solar cell was used by Zhou Wenwen, and the power in the battery was quickly used up, and Zhou Wenwen disliked it.

A solar cell is an optoelectronic semiconductor sheet that uses sunlight to generate electricity directly, also known as "solar chip" or "photocell". As long as it is illuminated by a certain illumination condition, it can output voltage instantly and in the case of a loop. generate current.

Solar cells are called solar photovoltaic Photovoltaic in physics, abbreviated as PV, and photovoltaic for short.

A solar cell is a device that directly converts light energy into electrical energy through the photoelectric effect or photochemical effect.

The crystalline silicon solar cells working with photovoltaic effect are the mainstream, but the implementation of solar cells with thin film cells working with photochemical effect is still in its infancy.

A solar cell is a photoelectric element that can convert energy, and its basic structure is formed by bonding P-type and N-type semiconductors.

The most basic material for semiconductors is "silicon", which is non-conductive.

However, if different impurities are doped into the semiconductor, it can be made into P-type and N-type semiconductors, and then the P-type semiconductor has a hole (the P-type semiconductor has one less negatively charged electron, which can be regarded as one more). Positive charge) and the N-type semiconductor have an additional potential difference of free electrons to generate current.

Therefore, when sunlight is irradiated, light can excite electrons in silicon atoms, resulting in convection of electrons and holes. These electrons and holes are affected by the built-in potential and are attracted by N-type and P-type semiconductors respectively. , while gathering at both ends.

At this time, if the outside is connected with electrodes to form a loop, this is the principle of solar cell power generation.

To put it simply, the principle of solar photovoltaic power generation is to use solar cells to absorb sunlight with a wavelength of 0.4 μm to 1.1 μm (for silicon crystals) and directly convert light energy into electrical energy output.

Since the electricity generated by solar cells is direct current, if you need to provide power to household appliances or various electrical appliances, you need to install a direct-to-AC converter and replace it with alternating current to supply electricity for household or industrial use.

The development of solar cell charging Most of the solar cells used in consumer goods have charging problems. In the past, nickel-metal hydride or nickel-cadmium dry batteries were generally used as charging objects. However, nickel-hydrogen dry batteries cannot withstand high temperatures, and nickel-cadmium dry batteries have the problem of environmental pollution.

The rapid development of supercapacitors, the large capacity, the shrinking area, and the low price, so some solar products began to use supercapacitors as charging objects, thus improving many problems of solar charging:

Faster charging, more than 5 times longer lifespan, wider charging temperature range, less solar battery usage (low-voltage charging possible).

There are two ways of solar power generation, one is light-heat-electricity conversion, and the other is light-electricity direct conversion.

The light-heat-electric conversion method generates electricity by utilizing the thermal energy generated by solar radiation. Generally, the solar collector converts the absorbed thermal energy into the steam of the working medium, and then drives the steam turbine to generate electricity.

The former process is the light-heat conversion process; the latter process is the heat-electricity conversion process, which is the same as ordinary thermal power generation.

But the disadvantage of solar thermal power generation is low efficiency and high cost. It is estimated that its investment is at least 5 to 10 times more expensive than that of ordinary thermal power plants.

A 1000MW solar thermal power station requires an investment of 2 billion to 2.5 billion US dollars, and the average investment of 1kW is 2000 to 2500 US dollars.

Therefore, it can only be applied to special occasions on a small scale, while large-scale utilization is economically uneconomical and cannot compete with ordinary thermal or nuclear power plants.

Light-to-electricity direct conversion is based on the optoelectronic properties of specific materials.

A black body (such as the sun) radiates electromagnetic waves of different wavelengths (corresponding to different frequencies), such as infrared, ultraviolet, visible light, and so on.

When these rays strike different conductors or semiconductors, the photons interact with free electrons in the conductors or semiconductors to generate an electric current.

The shorter the wavelength of the ray, the higher the frequency, the higher the energy it has. For example, the energy of ultraviolet rays is much higher than that of infrared rays.

However, not all wavelengths of ray energy can be converted into electrical energy. It is worth noting that the photovoltaic effect has nothing to do with the intensity of the ray, and current can only be generated when the frequency reaches or exceeds the threshold for generating the photovoltaic effect.

The maximum wavelength of light that can make a semiconductor produce photovoltaic effect is related to the forbidden band width of the semiconductor. For example, the forbidden band width of crystalline silicon is about 1.155eV at room temperature, so light with a wavelength less than 1100 nm can make crystalline silicon produce photovoltaic effect. .

Solar cell power generation is a renewable and environmentally friendly way of power generation. No greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide are generated during the power generation process, and it will not pollute the environment.

According to its production materials, it is divided into silicon-based semiconductor batteries, CdTe thin film batteries, CIGS thin film batteries, dye-sensitized thin film batteries, organic material batteries, etc. ~www.wuxiamtl.com~ Among them, silicon batteries are further divided into single crystal batteries, polycrystalline batteries and amorphous silicon thin-film batteries, etc.

The most important parameter for solar cells is the conversion efficiency. Among the silicon-based solar cells developed in the laboratory, the efficiency of monocrystalline silicon cells is 25.0%, the efficiency of polycrystalline silicon cells is 20.4%, and the efficiency of CIGS thin film cells is 19.6%. The efficiency of CdTe thin film cells is 16.7%, and the efficiency of amorphous silicon (amorphous silicon) thin film cells is 10.1%

The composition of the solar cell module and the functions of each part:

1. The function of tempered glass is to protect the main body of power generation (such as battery), and the selection of light transmission is required: the light transmittance must be high (generally more than 91%), and ultra-white tempered.

2. EVA is used to bond and fix the tempered glass and the main body of power generation (such as batteries). The quality of the transparent EVA material directly affects the life of the module. The EVA exposed to the air is easy to age and turn yellow, thus affecting the light transmittance of the module. , thereby affecting the power generation quality of the module in addition to the quality of the EVA itself.

Chapter 0236 Announcement of Solar Cells

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