Rebirth of the God-level Xueba

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The patent application can be written casually, but if you want to prevent ocean-like infringement, you must write it very carefully, and you must have a lawyer to help you write it.

The so-called technical profession has specializations, and people engaged in scientific research may be good at their own scientific research fields, but to apply for patents for their scientific research results, the assistance of professional patent attorneys is indispensable.

This is especially true in the pharmaceutical industry. Taking Yang Rui’s experience as a graduate student, most of the pharmaceutical companies that invited school professors to mentor were to add a useless side chain to the molded compound, such as amoxicillin, which China rarely says There are double-digit manufacturers that produce different side chains, and amoxicillin, which has the same effect, does not violate the patent law.

If you want to describe it, this is equivalent to grafting different paper strips to the same tree by each manufacturer, and then selling the same tree species after grafting.

The effect is the trunk, not the grafted trunk, but the patent attorney cannot prove this, and the patent on the trunk is meaningless.

Of course, grafting, or adding side chains does not mean that it can be increased by increasing. It is easy to add a side chain to a compound, but it is not easy to have the side chain not play a role. Generally speaking, compounds with added side chains will have beneficial or harmful results, and most of them are harmful. If you get beneficial results, it is naturally best. If you get harmful results, such as reduced efficacy and increased side effects, it depends on whether the standard is exceeded.

To avoid such things from happening, it is necessary to write a very professional patent application, and it is often necessary for patent attorneys to fight hard to get it.

In addition, there are more than 200 different medical laws in more than 200 countries around the world. Foreign countries are not a country, Europe and the United States are not a country, and even the United States does not have one type of law. If you want to apply for a patent in the federal system of the United States, you will inevitably have to do different legal work in different states.

These all cost money, and they are expensive.

Lawyers’ fees have always come from how expensive they are.

Why were Chinese companies in the 1980s or 1990s unwilling to apply for patents? Because it's not cost-effective at all, the lawyers can't afford the airfare.

In fact, even the largest pharmaceutical company in the world cannot apply for patents in more than 200 countries around the world at the same time, and they still have a focus.

For example, China was outside the patent circle until it joined. Even large pharmaceutical companies do not expect to receive patent fees from China.

Because of the complex laws in China, large pharmaceutical companies cannot find a suitable agent, and it is difficult to win a lawsuit if a suitable agent is found, and it is difficult to execute a lawsuit if it is won. In this case, multinational pharmaceutical companies will not easily Activate the legal weapon-this weapon is useless and expensive. What do you want it to do?

Some people may say that this situation seems very good. Generic drugs can greatly reduce people's medical costs, save patent fees for foreigners, and invest more in people's livelihood work.

However, the reality has always been to reward hard work and punish laziness. Not to mention the economic and sociological aspects, as far as the medicine itself is concerned, life without paying patent fees will not last long.

After the Human Genome Project, pharmaceutical companies all over the world have begun to pay attention to genetics. In less than ten or twenty years, gene-specific drugs will appear. The side effects may be different from the human body’s genes. s solution.

In fact, research after the Second World War has found that some drugs have different effects on people of different populations, not only the efficacy of the drugs, but also the side effects.

For example, allopurinol, which was available in the 1980s, has a very high probability of side effects on yellow people. There are many types of side effects and a fatality rate. However, it does not have fatal side effects and allergies for whites and blacks. Also lower. Therefore, if overseas Chinese use this medicine, they must have a genetic screening to see if there is a lethal gene. Because genetic screening costs hundreds of dollars, Chinese people naturally do not do it, and the hospital is too lazy to do it, and it is not fatal. Yes, it’s just luck. Anyway, the odds are about the same as winning the lottery. If you are lucky, you can come back...

It often takes ten or twenty years for modern drugs to be put on the market. If Chinese people are always outside the patent circle, foreign pharmaceutical companies that rely on patents for food will not make drugs for Chinese people for free. If Chinese pharmaceutical companies work hard, they may be able to make several drugs aimed at Chinese people, but there are tens of millions of diseases on the earth. For the same diseases, foreigners can only take medicines. Chinese people can only have tears in their eyes. What do you think? It's all uncomfortable.

For Yang Rui, the benefits must also be reflected through patents.

In order to firmly grasp the patent rights, Yang Rui did not hesitate to spend his money. The lawyer Li Zhangzhen recruited not only has a beautiful resume, a remarkable career, and a remarkable fee. The money is counted from getting on the plane. The charge of 300 US dollars per hour means that Yang Rui would cost thousands of US dollars to go to Beijing alone. The whole case would take less than a week, at least 50,000 US dollars.

The 50,000 US dollars in 1984 is also the salary of an ordinary professor in the United States. This is only the time for evidence collection. Subsequent patent applications may take months or even years, and some are costly.

Therefore, patents are the patents of the rich and the embodiment of the Matthew effect. However, among the various methods of protecting one's rights, patent legislation is the cheapest and simplest.

While waiting for the lawyer to handle immigration matters, Yang Rui made persistent efforts and continued experiments.

If it's a Chinese-style biographies, maybe the gel strips are done. However, real laboratories always pay attention to real evidence.

Half of the research is done, and the most precious inspirations are shown and not done. The fool who is robbed of the research results is unknown.

Yang Rui first did the original experiment again under the full shooting of the video recorder. Fortunately, he obtained the same result as a matter of course.

By the way, I spent thousands of dollars in video tape money.

The money spent was rushing like flowing water, and Huang Mao's eyelids jumped as he watched.

As the deputy director of the laboratory, Huang Mao felt that he had a responsibility to persuade Yang Rui. The most important thing was that he, Tu Xian and Wang Xiaoyun resigned and came to Huarui Laboratory. Times can make a career.

If the Huarui laboratory goes bankrupt because of Yang Rui's misconduct, no matter whether it is a career or a high salary, it will be rootless.

However, persuasion should also be methodical.

Huang Mao first studied Yang Rui's work and got a serious understanding of his work. Then, before Yang Rui started a new round of experiments and filming, Huang Mao pulled Yang Rui and said, "I want to make an opinion."

"You said." Yang Rui is currently in a state of deaf ears, and is highly concentrated.

Huang Mao understands this state. Therefore, Huang Mao also said from the research side: "I don't think you need to shoot now because your experiment is not complete. You don't have a control group. I think that the camera should at least wait until there is a control group. , It’s best to take pictures when the experiment is repeated after the control group has been made, don’t you think?"

The control group and multiple trials are an indispensable part of modern scientific research. Without them, it would not pass the routine scientific research evaluation.

Yang Rui was prepared and said: "I know that before, the first thing I have to do is to prove that the expansion is feasible. Now I have proved it. Later, I will complete the experiments including the control group. This is my next stage. In order to save time, I still want to do it while filming."

So far, Yang Rui still cannot prove his success in an academic sense.

It is DNA that is copied, and DNA can be seen under a microscope, but to prove that what is copied is the desired DNA—this is the key—it requires a series of physical and chemical tests.

In other words, Yang Rui knew that he had done it, and he had to prove that he had done it before he could be recognized by academia.

If it is a religion, this is the time to "believe, then not believe, then fail". Science does not have this problem. There are certain rules for evaluating the reality and operability of a method.

Most of the instruments and resources that Yang Rui prepared in the previous few months were prepared for proof.

Huang Mao just looked at these instruments and resources distressed, and smiled reluctantly: "Did you not publish papers after you finished the experiment, and then ask your colleagues to check for you? I still think this method is good and efficient. Save money, save time."

"I may still like this method in the future, but this experiment won't work. I have to do all the control experiments by myself, and there are other experiments that should be done." Yang Rui is not going to give any credit to it, even if it won't. Influence his honor.

Huang Mao looked sad: "All the control experiments? How much is that?"

"About 30 or so." Yang Rui sighed, this workload is really not small.

Huang Mao was already dumbfounded: "You are so optimistic about this project?"

"Very optimistic, if you think about it, he can use dozens of hours to expand a piece of DNA to billions. This is too useful."

For academic discussions, Huang Mao has always said one thing: "Do we have to produce so much DNA? Or is it the same DNA?"

"Of course it is necessary. This is the process of quantitative change causing qualitative change. It is very important." Yang Rui immediately began to talk about the important role: "It can simplify the cloning step, eliminate the reaction background, strengthen the hybridization signal, and the synthesis of a large amount of DNA, and it can also allow experiments. The sample processing in the room becomes easier, we can easily make copies of the experimental samples, and the results of the copy are feasible."

"The result of the copy is feasible. It's not certain yet." Huang Mao was not biased because Yang Rui was the boss, and said seriously: "The DNA in the gel is amplified, but it is not impurity. It's easy to say."

Thousands of words can be written in any paper, but when the foundation approved, thousands of projects were still abandoned.

Huang Mao did not continue talking about the experiment itself, but persuaded from another angle: "The current hot spot in biotechnology is anti-cancer drugs. Look at the U.S. Medicine Valley. Those who can get funding, and those who want venture capital. Although we don’t say we should follow suit in making anti-cancer drugs, there is really no need to invest too much money in this project."

The last sentence is the main purpose of Huang Mao's talk.

The resources of Huarui Lab are limited. The resources that Yang Rui devoted to the project ~www.NovelMTL.com~ have affected other projects.

Yang Rui refused without even thinking about it. Just kidding, the goal of Huarui Lab was to devote all resources to the project if necessary.

However, Yang Rui thought about it for a while and explained it carefully.

Making results is the first step, and proving the results is the second step.

And to prove the results, you need the help of this group of calves. Yang Rui had to start the first persuasive education in his life: how awesome my project is!

Li Wenqiang, Zhang Xuetong, Tu Xian and others all gathered around. They are now working for scientific research apes. The biggest difference from scientific research dogs is that they are allowed to have free will and free thought. After all, they belong to primates. If the physical work in the laboratory belongs to scientific research dogs, then brain power Life is for scientific research.

And for people with brains to work hard, you have to make them understand and agree with you.

This is a problem that every laboratory manager has to face and solve-seeking understanding and approval.

Edison needed to explain why the filament was changed instead of the lamp cap; Oppenheimer needed to explain why the implosion type was chosen instead of the gun type; the Apollo moon landing program also needed to solve the difficulty of choosing a space shuttle or a spacecraft.

In addition to explaining to his subordinates, explaining and selling himself to investors and bosses is also the main job of the laboratory manager.

Yang Rui's previous academic experience can't help much, but when he was in cram school, he explained to the parents of the students every day, which exercised his persuasive ability.

Yang Rui simply regarded several people as parents of students and began to promote his projects and programs.

Li Wenqiang and others have not even experienced door-to-door sales. Where is Yang Rui's opponent, they nodded unconsciously after a while.

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