Rebirth of the God-level Xueba

Wei Zhenxue still thinks that the girls in the biology department are very good.

Not only Wang Xiaoyun and Grace feed the rats and mice lovingly every day, but Tan Min, the experimental assistant recruited later, also takes care of them carefully.

If Wei Zhenxue had a richer vocabulary, he would definitely use "you love" to describe the scene here.

In addition, Grace also persuaded Yang Rui to order a batch of pigeons and suitable pigeon cages to be kept in the yard next door. The two small yards are separated from each other to form a corner of the breeding yard.

Yang Rui rarely goes to the yard where rats, mice and pigeons are kept. When he gets to his position, he usually only needs to make a plan. Yang Rui can choose the job he wants to do, and refuse the job he doesn't want to do. One of the advantages of our own laboratory.

However, although he rarely went to the breeding hospital, Yang Rui established the 3r principle in the form of a system as the first animal experiment in Huarui Laboratory and the guiding direction for subsequent animal experiments.

In addition, Yang Rui also wrote the 3r principle as a slogan and painted it on the wall of the breeding yard, and even every lock of the breeding yard was painted with 3r yellow font.

The so-called 3r is an abbreviation for reduction, substitution and optimization. Reduction refers to the use of fewer animals in scientific research to obtain the same or more experimental data. In general, the amount of animals used should be the minimum number that can achieve the purpose of the experiment, and it cannot be used to save time or for personal reasons. Convenience and other reasons. Use the minimum number of animals required to obtain meaningful experimental results.

The requirements for substitution and optimization are higher. The former requires the use of other methods instead of animal experiments as much as possible. The latter is to improve and perfect experimental procedures, reduce and reduce the pain and injury caused by experimental animals, in short, it is to improve animal welfare.

This is a theory that existed in 59 years, but it was only in the 1970s that the world's major developed countries gradually became popular. A third world country like China. But it has not yet been widely involved.

Although there are some researchers who oppose the 3r principle, Yang Rui himself is not included in this list. He is also willing to support the moral status of animals if he can.

As the boss of the laboratory, Yang Rui decided on the 3r animal principle, Wei Zhenxue, Huang Mao, and Li Wenqiang must implement it.

They actually don't have to oppose it. The 3r principle is just to reduce animal harm during animal experiments, not to interfere with experiments.

Of course, in order to use the mice in the least amount. All those involved in the experiment must make careful and reasonable preparations before the experiment, analyze the experimental data, and do more statistical analysis. To determine this number of experiments will not be statistically different.

This is naturally more time-consuming and time-consuming than ordinary experiments, but Yang Rui thinks it is worth it. As a biologist, Yang Rui supports the moral status of animals, that is, if a life is perceptual, then it has a moral status.

Compared with the compliance of Wei Zhenxue, Huang Mao and others, they focused their attention on reduction. Grace has further improved to optimization.

In order to conform to the living habits of mice and rats, she changed the feeding time to night. She strictly regulated the lighting control of the breeding yard and required the keepers not to turn on the lights without authorization even at night, so as not to affect the rats. And the life of mice.

The living space of mice and rats has also been changed because of Grace. Under her persistent request, the workload of the breeding yard has at least doubled.

But in fact, it is the cost of hiring an extra research scientist by paying an extra tens of dollars a month.

After a few days of balance, Yang Rui’s assistant, Comrade Wei Zhenxue, under the guidance of Grace, selected 55 mice, rats and 11 pigeons, and did a simple physical examination, such as weight measurement, and began to pass food. Add iron element.

Within a few days, mice, rats, and pigeons that had been exposed to iron by mouth entered a state of iron poisoning.

Grace explained to Yang Rui and immediately started grouping and dosing, which was tantamount to depriving Van Lentin of the only value of his work.

As an assistant, Wei Zhenxue naturally has to actively participate, but he is not too comfortable with rats, so he came to the breeding yard and asked: "Can I be in charge of pigeons?"

The eyes of Grace and Wang Xiaoyun were a little strange.

Wang Xiaoyun asked: "Are you sure that one person is in charge of the pigeons"

"I know that the number of pigeons is relatively small, but the pigeons are relatively large. I'll feed the pigeons. You two and Tan Min feed the mice. On average, the numbers are almost the same." When Wei Zhenxue occasionally does not commit a second, he is still a little clear.

"Tan Min wants to feed the healthy mice over there, but if you are willing to be solely responsible for the pigeons, the two of us are in charge of the mice and rats." Wang Xiaoyun said modestly.

"Really rest assured, I must feed the pigeons well."

"It's in charge of the pigeons."

"Yes, it's the pigeons." Wei Zhenxue smiled.

Several people were evenly distributed, and under the guidance of Grace, they started to feed deferiprone oral doses made of different active substances, and made detailed records.

Oral medications are fed based on body weight, and mice, rats, and pigeons can basically get similar doses.

All these experimental animals have also been mentioned in the auxiliary laboratory, allowing other researchers including Yang Rui to observe the specific situation.

The purpose of the entire animal experiment is to observe whether there are serious drug reactions, such as severe allergies, teratogenicity, or even death. The drugs made of this active substance are basically eliminated.

At least 20% to 30% of new medicines were discontinued during the animal experimentation stage.

A drug that does not pass animal experiments is definitely not allowed to be taken by humans. In other words, the drug is not eligible for clinical testing at all. There are actually problems in this. For example, for the same allergic reaction, animals and humans may get different. Therefore, drugs that are allergic to animals may not be allergic to humans.

However, few pharmaceutical companies analyze the problem in this way. Some medicinal chemists don’t even bother to screen for the cause of allergies. This is because judicial proceedings in Europe and the United States are too active. If there is a problem with animal experiments, and if they insist on clinical trials, the amount of compensation will make any pharmaceutical company bigger.

Under the system of jurors and punitive fines, some pharmaceutical companies will receive huge fines even if they have done nothing wrong. Therefore, raising the corporate standard is a wise choice for century-old companies.

Although in this social situation, some drugs that could cure important diseases were rejected, European and American countries still insisted on their drug review system.

In contrast, the survival of Chinese pharmaceutical companies is much easier. At least things like proprietary Chinese medicines can still easily enter hospitals and pharmacies and create a lot of revenue.

However, the cost of modern medicine development is not affordable in the Chinese market. Deferiprone can only be recovered if it is listed abroad.

If you want to sell the patent for deferiprone, naturally you have to show the expectation of profitability.

Even Grace understands the logic inside. She doesn't care about money, but she knows the importance of money in the pharmaceutical industry.

If there is really an infinite amount of money invested in pharmaceutical companies, although humans cannot be disease-free and immortal, it is still possible to solve the disease and suffering of 90 people in the world and extend the average life expectancy of modern people. Do it in ten years.

Unfortunately, there is not so much evil money in the world.

Grace therefore cherishes Hua Rui, a company that is willing to spend money on rare diseases. At the beginning of the animal experiment, Grace returned to the hotel room and lived in the room in the Hua Rui laboratory. UU reading www. Uukanshu.com observes, takes care and records the experiment process every day.

A week later, two active substances developed drug allergy and liver dysfunction, respectively, and were forced to withdraw from the screening.

Then, the pigeons that Wei Zhenxue was in charge of also began to have adverse reactions and vomiting.

Seeing a large amount of vomit appearing in the pigeon cage, Wei Zhenxue wanted to cry without tears, and complained as he cleaned it: "Why do the pigeons I am responsible for vomiting so many mice?"

"Because the mice can't vomit." Wang Xiaoyun was innocent.

Wei Zhenxue, a chemistry major, was a little at a loss: "What does it mean to not vomit?"

"There is a diaphragm between the two stomachs of the mouse. This diaphragm muscle cannot make hiccups or vomiting. Therefore, the mouse will not vomit." Wang Xiaoyun explained seriously.

"There are really animals that can't vomit" Wei Zhenxue didn't believe it.

"Mice, rabbits, horses and guinea pigs can't vomit, so they are easily poisoned. Guinea pigs are not sensitive to vomiting." Wang Xiaoyun paused, like a lecture, and continued: "Pigeon, domestic dog, monkey and cat The vomiting reaction is sensitive, so it is suitable for vomiting experiments."

Wei Zhenxue froze for a moment, then slowly turned his head, looked at the messy pigeon cage, hesitatingly said: "What do you mean?"

"For drugs, vomiting is a must-test item. Therefore, for each active substance, it is necessary to determine whether it will cause vomiting." Wang Xiaoyun patted Wei Zhenxue on the shoulder and said, "Please be responsible for the pigeons."

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