Sweep the World

There is a saying in Confucianism called "learning to become a civil and martial arts, and the goods and the emperor's family", but they only express people's desire to become officials in words.

In fact, since ancient times, talented people have always hoped to be appreciated by the ruler, which creates a phenomenon that they want to participate in the governance of the country no matter what they study.

It's really not only Confucianism who hopes to cling to the thighs of the ruler. The lowest morality is actually legalism.

It is not a derogatory term to say that the speaker has no morals in front of the ruler. The existence of the law is to ensure the interests of the ruler. Generally speaking, the law is created to restrict others, and can make the order of social existence in the process of restriction. .

The ruler is the leader, and there is a well-known "Leader Effect", which means that only one "supreme" is actually conducive to social stability. Therefore, there is only one supreme leader in any country, not multiple.

To say that the law is useless to the powerful, it is a phenomenon that will always exist in all dynasties... but the existence of the law still guarantees the interests of ordinary people, and ordinary people without the existence of the law are actually the biggest victims. Therefore, if a country’s laws are false, it is definitely better than no laws at all.

Of course Liu Yan is eager to promote education, but one thing must be faced squarely, that is, it cannot only be used to educate people to become officials after studying. Education should be used in all aspects and be used in daily life.

There are many ways to learn knowledge, which can be baptism in the spiritual realm. This is what Confucianism is best at. According to modern classification, Confucianism is a very powerful scholarship as a philosophy, and it is also used for moral and ideological education. Excellent, the only bad thing is that philosophers should never become officials.

The current Confucianism is not dominated by the Lu school. Several schools have their own distinct characteristics. Confucian students are not as ignorant of grains as the Ming Dynasty.

Today's Confucian scholars, including Lu Rus, have to grasp everything and be hard in everything for ritual, music, shooting, imperialism, books, and counting. If you want to count carefully, Confucian scholars are truly a well-deserved elite class today. The six arts of gentleman in Confucianism are actually inherited from the basic requirements of the Zhou room to be an official.

The Zhou Dynasty was a divided country. At that time, the surrounding environment of the country was not safe. The basic requirement for being an official must be an aristocrat (or heir), that is, you must first look at your ancestry and then choose your talents.

Nobility is a class that has existed since people inhabited. In the early days, it was the class that led the ethnic group to develop. For example, the three emperors and five emperors were similar classes. Until the Zhou Dynasty moved east, the nobles were definitely not derogatory. Their social status came from protecting the people and opening up more living space for the ethnic group. The responsibility brought about the benefits they deserve, such as social status. Or the quality of life.

Each class will have its own process of corruption, and it will continue until it becomes the rule to inherit the authority of the ancestors based on blood relationship. Just relying on "who is my father" can get things that do not belong to their own efforts, which is buried in the corruption of power. Foreshadowing.

The pioneers of each generation always appear wise and capable. They belong to the group of "pioneering" people. The pioneering nobles shouldn't be fools who don't know anything, and they must have enough strength in themselves, so how to train them becomes a matter worthy of research.

"Zhou Li. Bao Shi" clearly pointed out the methods and methods of cultivating elites, which is to "raise the country by Taoism, but also teach the six arts: one is five rituals, two is six music, three is five shooting, and four is five imperialism. Five means six books, and six means nine numbers." This is the "six arts" in the so-called "Through the Five Classics and Guan Liuyi".

If you want to be an official in the weekly room, any official needs to be assessed. It is the kind of assessment that occurs every few years. The content of the assessment is the six arts, and you need to be proficient in all six arts, but you must not know everything and distinguish. Several grades of business trip, qualified and excellent.

Like many dynasties, the decline of a dynasty always starts from the inside, and the decline of the Zhou room starts from the evaluation of officials. This phenomenon was caused by the absurdity of several generations of monarchs (such as the one of the princes of the beacon play), and the loss of power of the Zhou royal family after the eastward migration.

The central government can’t control the place, and its strength is not enough to deter the vassals. The consequence of the weak and strong officials is that the princes do not take the Zhou royal family seriously. Then the Zhou royal family wants to continue to implement the official evaluation, and those princes will accept the removal and dismissal from the central government. Re-appoint?

It was until Confucius founded Confucianism, that was the age of "ritual collapse and music degeneration". The so-called "rituals and music is bad" has many meanings. First of all, it means that the Zhou royal family can no longer drive the princes, nor can the Zhou royal family have any say in the appointment and dismissal of the princes. Many traditions are gradually disintegrated, including the evaluation of officials. One item.

In the Spring and Autumn Period, Six Arts gradually evolved into the core content used by noble families to educate their offspring. Confucius asked Confucian students to learn the six arts, in fact, he hoped to train Confucian students by the way of cultivating nobles. His practice was rejected by the nobles at that time, and he was ridiculed by all sides.

"If we really want to promote education, there is no need for everyone to be skilled in the'six arts'." Liu Yan never felt that there are so many all-round talents in the world: "Everyone has their own talents. That direction focuses on cultivation. Just learning the six arts is not enough. Knowledge comes from life and should be used in life."

"Yes, people who are good at fighting, as long as they are literate and understand military books, they don't need to be able to understand poems and prose, nor do they need to be able to compose poems and sing prose." To hide his excitement. As long as Liu Yan doesn't regret it, then Liu Yan is right in everything he said, and he keeps nodding his head, saying: "Not only to learn, but also to be able to use it. The unity of knowledge and action is the foundation."

Ji Chang's eyes lit up and he nodded heavily: "It is the unity of knowledge and action."

How does Liu Yan feel that the term "the unity of knowledge and action" is a bit familiar? After thinking hard for a while, I remembered it.

The unity of knowledge and action means that the object conforms to the subject. Knowing refers to conscience, and action refers to human practice. The unity of knowledge and action is not to swallow knowledge together, but to think that knowledge is action, nor is it to swallow knowledge by action. , Think that doing is knowing. This was proposed by Wang Shouren, a thinker from the Ariake Dynasty. That is to say, knowing the truth of things and applying this truth in reality are inseparable.

It's actually quite ironic! During the Ming Dynasty, scholars devoted themselves to studying eight-legged essays for the imperial examination. In addition to the fact that the eight-part essay can be used by scholars, there are actually no skills that can be used in life. To say that the generation of scholars in the past is most suitable for the characteristics of rice bugs, there is no other than the scholars of the Ming Dynasty and the "I Daqing", and there is also the saying that "a scholar is a scholar of nothing."

The viewpoints and theories put forward by many people are actually related arguments by the sages of the past dynasties. The difference is that those sages did not systematically summarize and write (maybe lost), Wang Shouren put forward in the social environment of the Ming Dynasty. "The unity of knowledge and action" is probably to see that scholars know nothing except reading, and they have a sense of worry.

However, it turns out that it is ironic to mention "the unity of knowledge and action" in the Yuming Dynasty. The reason why scholars read books is: Laozi read and specialize in eight-legged essays only for the sake of being successful. It doesn’t matter if I don’t know anything after the middle school. With the power of tax exemption, some people are reluctant to become tenants of the Laozi, and the people who eat, drink, spend, and use are sacrificed, and the Laozi can still Be an official. When it's time to enjoy the blessings, Laozi still work hard to learn other things, not just for sin or something.

Liu Yan has just been thinking about the social changes after the promotion of education. Whether it is the Song Dynasty or the Ming Dynasty, if the promotion of education will become a similar situation, then it does not matter if it is promoted. Before he could magnify his worries, Lu Yi released the "knowledge and action unity".

Reading is not a bad thing, but you are not afraid of how bad bad people are. What you are afraid of is that bad people are educated. Bad people don’t have to be poor and vicious. The most depressing and worst thing is that bad people don’t think they are doing bad things, on the contrary they think they are doing bad things. A good thing that benefits the country and the people is most prominent in the behavior of scholars in the Song Dynasty.

Of course, the two Song dynasties are because they have experienced five dynasties and ten countries. The Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms was an era where military commanders were raging everywhere, and the Song Dynasty was just overdone and overcorrected.

[Song dynasty scholars, they can do anything for their own power, including letting the army lose in the national war, and then appear on the stage to subdue the weakness in a way of tribute, and they are not ashamed but proud of it, saying what to spend some money to ensure peace , Completely disregarding how such a behavior is a blow to the morale of the country’s military and civilians. Liu Yan looks at Ji Chang and Lu Yi who are exchanging opinions, but his eyes are actually not focused: [Never underestimate the shamelessness of scholars..., of course, you can’t believe how disciplined the generals...]

In general, if a country is out of control by military commanders, the harm it causes is indeed very serious, and it is bound to plunge the country into successive civil wars. The disadvantages are of course very obvious.

The harm of military commanders is very clear, but the literati affect not only one generation. Literati is not the most serious cause of the destruction of a country. What will be affected will be the follow-up of a nation. The ideas and culture created by the literati will continue to be passed on. If the ideological and cultural mistakes can be described as endless disasters for future generations .

Walk the world with swords and take a look at the prosperity of the world... This is not the lyrics, it is what most scholars really did before the Song Dynasty, like the very busy Li Bai. He was born in the far northwestern frontier, but his whole life was almost Throughout the famous mountains and rivers of the Tang Empire, most of the places where the footprints have passed have left chapters handed down to later generations.

If you study poetry, words, songs, and poetry, you will find an obvious situation, that is, the more powerful and prosperous the country, the more heroic and vigorous contemporary works will be; Without aggressiveness, contemporary works will show a sense of debauchery.

Looking at a country or a nation, you can see the pulse clearly from the cultural works. Most of the works before Song were high-spirited artistic conceptions. In the Song and later dynasties, they were really full of wind and snow. It can be clearly found that the literati became less and less enterprising and focused on how to enjoy themselves.

"A country can't concentrate on one thing, the martial arts of the Han are too..." Lu Yi glanced at Liu Yan cautiously, almost saying with deathly tragic: "The martial arts is too much."

Liu Yan raised his eyebrows. He had just thought of the influence of the Song Dynasty on the nation, not only in culture, but also in the difference between men and women in society.

With strong expectations, Lu Yi said in an almost inaudible voice: "If the king can persuade him to learn essays, that would be great."

[The rich don't need to buy fertile land, there are thousands of millets in the book. There is no need to erect high-rise buildings in Anju, and there is a golden house in the book. Don't hate unscrupulous matchmakers when you marry a wife. There is Yan Ruyu in the book. Don't hate no one when you go out, there are so many carts and horses in the book. The man wanted to read his lifelong histories, and read the Six Classics to the window diligently. Liu Yan is very strange that he can remember the "Encouragement Chapter" by Zhao Heng of Song Zhenzong, staring with cold eyes at Lu Yi, whose face has begun to turn pale, without saying a word, still falling into his own emotions: [Donghuamen The roll-caller Fang is a hero... and completely interrupted the backbone of the warrior. Those “heroes” were only concerned about fear and fleeing when the enemy attacked. The emperor’s capture was purely deserved, and Emperor Ji became the enemy’s plaything~www.wuxiamtl.com~The poor people in Bianliang City. 】

"There are thousands of millets in the book, the golden house in the book, and Yan Ruyu in the book. There are many carts and horses in the book. The man wants to follow his life and read the six classics to the window." Liu Yan was smiling. With cold eyes, he asked Lu Yi, "How?"

Lu Yi was so scared by Liu Yan that he couldn't pronounce a syllable.

Because of the angle, Ji Chang didn't see the coldness in Liu Yan's eyes. His first reaction was Huo Di stood up, almost shouting, "No, it's very bad!"

Liu Yan blinked, still smiling when he looked at Ji Chang, and asked, "Why not?"

"If the king does such things, the big man will have a style of writing, but..." Ji Chang almost glanced at Lu Yi with a murderous gaze, and knelt down when he looked at Liu Yan again: "Enlighten nature. Need, but not so. The lessons of the Husbands and the Central Plains are not far away. The country's first priority lies in military affairs. Your Majesty, Dahan would rather not be enlightened than warriors!"

Lu Yi was just scared by the look in Liu Yan's eyes. He chewed on the sentences Liu Yan read, and the next moment he couldn't stop sweating outside.

As long as you read books, you can get everything. Then just go to school. You don't have to do anything except reading. Among them, the phrase "a man wants to follow his life, read the six classics to the window" is the most lethal sentence, which is bound to turn scholars into nerds who study hard, not only the national martial arts is no longer, but also people who specialize in practical skills. It will become less and less.

"A country can have no literati, but there must be no warriors." Ji Chang ignored Liu Yan as he walked over to help him. He was obsessed with kneeling and admonishing: "Without the warriors, no matter how prosperous the style of writing is, and no matter how rich the country is, it’s like waiting to be slaughtered. The lamb, but the wedding gown for the enemy."

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