Rebirth of the God-level Xueba

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Oligonucleotide is oligonucleotide, which is composed of two words, one is oligomerization and the other is nucleotide.

This term seems very complicated, but in fact, it is the Chinese scholar Wen Qingbing Fan who gave the name, and he gave a name that seems troublesome (I wanted to find out which heroes named Nucleotide, I didn’t find names like guanine and cytosine after searching for half an hour. Then I thought about it, I was also able to do such things because the bird’s egg was sore...)

Nucleotide itself is a basic molecule, and its meaning to organisms is similar to that of dihydrogen monoxide. And its importance is mainly reflected in its composition. Nucleotides are linked together to form ribonucleotides, which is RNA; deoxyribonucleotides, which are deoxyribonucleotides, are DNA.

Oligonucleotides are a group of nucleotides gathered together, and the aggregates are not many, the total number is less than twenty, so the so-called oligomerization has become idle oligonucleotides with little egg use.

Of course, oligonucleotide itself is useless, but it is the raw material for many biological experiments, so that everyone desperately wants to produce it because the amount is too large.

Historically, because Mouris, who won the Nobel Prize, worked as the director of the oligonucleotide laboratory of a private company, his job was to continuously synthesize and produce oligonucleotides, and then provide experiments for other departments of the company. Raw materials.

Michael Smith, who won the Nobel Prize in the same year as Mouris, also invented oligonucleotide-directed mutagenesis technology.

However, Michael Smith is much worse than Mouris. He made the oligonucleotide site-directed mutagenesis technique in 1979. In that era, the oligonucleotide production method used by Mouris had not yet been invented. .

Therefore, Michael Smith had to devote most of his time to the production of oligonucleotides.

This is the normal state of scientific researchers, and most of the time is spent doing boring repetitive work.

However, boring repetitive labor is indispensable before technological development is achieved, and some valuable results are also found in repetitive labor.

From 1979 to 1983, in just four years, the speed of biotechnology development was fast enough to make Nobel Prize winners confused. In fact, if the textbook is revised according to the development speed of biotechnology, it will be revised twice a year. It's definitely not enough.

Biotechnology has thus entered an era similar to Moore's Law.

For the scholars in it, this is an era of pain and happiness. They study hard, work **** projects, and personally participate in the wave of change in the great era. Their achievements may be impossible for the predecessors to complete in a hundred years. of.

For college students who are studying, there is only pain left in this era. Undergraduates in other subjects are still complaining that what we learned in the university will be of no use in society-when college students in biology wait to find a job, look back at the textbooks of the past four years and find the contents. It has been modified beyond recognition...

Of course, most of the textbooks are too late to be revised, so that they don't even know how much they are behind.

In fact, in terms of proportions, Chinese scholars lag far behind, especially in cutting-edge technology. In an era when most Chinese researchers could not understand English, it is too difficult for everyone to follow the rhythm of American fathers. If you understand the research results and articles of the predecessors, can you do it again by yourself?

Even if I did it again, I couldn't keep up.

Since the Americans began to allow commercial private biological companies in the 1970s, the application technology of biological sciences can redefine the terminology once in five years. Those who pursue it will be left behind if they learn a little slower, let alone themselves. Done.

When Yang Rui mentioned the DNA synthesizer, not only Li Wenqiang from the local university and others did not know, Huang Mao, who only returned from Columbia University a few years ago, had no idea.

"Can't the laboratory method be used to make nucleotides? We now have a lot of manpower. It should be no problem to deploy two people." Huang Mao has also heard of the DNA synthesizer. He doesn't know exactly how it is. .

Yang Rui shook his head and said: "I have bought the DNA synthesizer. A company called Biological Research in the United States has been trying to produce this instrument two years ago. We are now behind our competitors. After the DNA synthesizer arrives, our first priority is Transform this instrument, increase its production capacity, and then start production. Of course, the original laboratory method has also continued to be used as the experimental raw materials for this period of time."

The current DNA synthesizer is far from the level of later generations. Not to mention the automatic production of nucleotides. It is not easy to work normally. Modifications are essential. Just like early computers, users can program plug-ins and the like. It's not a big deal, and don't expect the engineers of the other company to have the ability to repair. The so-called first generation is something that no one can understand except the developer.

However, even this kind of scientific research equipment is not something you can buy if you want to. If it weren't for China and the United States in the honeymoon period, Yang Rui would not be able to buy the equipment for money.

Huang Mao has never seen anything, and his focus is different. First, he asked in surprise: "Who is the opponent? You just said that we are behind the opponent now, who is our opponent?"

Yang Rui didn't give a positive answer, but said: "Everyone who engages in scientific research is an adversary except for ourselves. In any case, we should improve our own supply capacity first, and the manpower will have other uses in the future."

Huang Mao still felt expensive, and asked cautiously: "How much does that DNA synthesizer cost?"

Yang Rui bared his teeth and said, "Plus freight, $280,000."

"hiss--"

Several people in the laboratory took a breath.

"No way, it's the price. When the stuff comes, it may cost tens of thousands of dollars for the renovation. So, everyone should cheer up during this period and don't let this money go to waste. By next year, people will pay. There’s a new DNA synthesizer, and the old one hasn’t figured it out yet, that’s a waste."

"That's too expensive, how much faster can it be made by ourselves?"

"At least five times, debug it, change it by yourself, and increase it to ten times is no problem. This output is also necessary, at least it must be increased to 6 people for the whole day." Yang Rui is actually not willing to spend so much money, Hua Rui The company is a wholly-owned subsidiary of his offshore company, and the $280,000 is all his own money. If the money is taken to the Friendship Store, one floor can be sold out, and if it is taken to buy a house in Beijing, one hundred sets of courtyards can be bought. After 30 years, it will be at least more than one billion yuan, and at most 200 million US dollars, it will have to appreciate 1,000 times.

However, it is Nobel Prize-level research, let alone Yang Rui still has money, just let him spend all of the money, and Yang Rui is willing to exchange for a Nobel Prize.

Huang Mao listened to the quantity that Yang Rui said, looked around, and said helplessly: "The full-day output of 6 people is not enough for all of us...or else, let's recruit a few more people and specialize in oligonucleotides. Don’t use the instrument for now."

He still loves money. Huang Mao is now the deputy director of Huarui Lab. Seeing that Yang Rui spent most of the working capital in one go, he was helpless.

Yang Rui shook his head: “It’s not impossible to build a specialized oligonucleotide laboratory, but it’s too laborious. Six people produce a full day, so you have to hire more than eight people. In addition to two or three assistants, you have to prepare ten people. This is for raw materials, and there must be no less serious experiments. So many people have to be equipped with full-time managers, plus accounting and cashiers, and the company's size has suddenly doubled and there are too many problems. It is better to buy an instrument. In addition, the production capacity of the equipment can be expanded and the purity can be better controlled. These are all advantages."

The purity of the instrument is well controlled, which does not mean that the oligonucleotides produced by the instrument are more pure, but more even. For important experiments, averaging may be a more important concept, because it is easier to predict the progress of the experiment, and the purity of the raw material can not be regarded as a variable.

Anyone who has studied equations knows that the two-variable linear equation is easy to solve, and the three-variable linear equation is not difficult. The four-variable linear equation is troublesome. The five-variable linear equation with five variables can be used if no special relationship is found. It's hard to play.

For highly demanding laboratories, everyone is a different variable. The worse the researcher, the higher the variable index.

The calves recruited by Yang Rui have not yet demonstrated their earth-shaking abilities, but since they can develop earth-shaking levels, they have at least good basic skills now, and then recruit researchers of different levels, and then retrain or even train them. Basic research thinking requires too much time. Although Huarui Lab is rich, it lacks a brand like Peking University. It is not easy to recruit a high-level one. Yang Rui is not willing to pay a high salary by himself. A few snails.

Huang Mao asked, "Does the project we are working on need something like this?"

He actually wanted to ask if it was worthwhile?

Yang Ruixin said: This is the Nobel Prize ~ www.NovelMTL.com ~ 10,000 U.S. dollars, which is just the beginning of investment.

Calculating his own savings, the dividends for more than a year plus the extra income of Zellyk’s overseas factories, after seven deductions and eight deductions, Yang Rui still has more than 4 million U.S. dollars in his hand, which makes Yang Rui a little emboldened: "Big projects Let’s not say what it will be done. This DNA synthesizer is sent here. We can at least write a few papers on this basis. It’s not a loss."

"Several papers of 300,000 dollars are quite expensive." Huang Mao sighed and said: "Fortunately, foreigners have money, so let's spend it first."

Yang Rui rolled his eyelids when he said that, and felt a little chill in his heart. This is just the beginning, which is tantamount to the prelude to the project. Eight percent of the funds went out, which is indeed a bit dangerous.

Scientific research is a bit like doing business, and it is more difficult than doing business. Both care about the capital chain, but half of the business is done, and the capital chain is tense. You can mortgage and borrow. It is difficult for scientific research to get some collateral. There are venture capital companies that specialize in biological companies in the United States, but they want shares, and the price is high. It cannot be said to be a robbery, but in terms of price, it is almost the same as a robbery. On the other hand, scientific research has a strong timeliness. It is normal for those who do business to talk about borrowing money and shares, and those who talk for a month or two are normal. When doing scientific research is delayed for one or two months, it is difficult to tell the results. possible.

If you can wait, Yang Rui still wants to wait, so that you can accumulate a quarter of dividends, at least one million dollars less. Unfortunately, time does not wait for anyone. Yang Rui has to count on the sales of Coenzyme Q10 in the last half year. Give it strength.

...